矿山环境问题危险性评价——以岩溶塌陷为例

为了有效提高矿山环境问题的修复和治理，在以往矿山环境问题分类的基础上，提出针对矿山存在的地质灾害类型进行分类，按照矿山自然地质灾害并由采矿活动影响诱发的环境问题进行划分。详细介绍了一种基于模糊层次分析法与灰色关联耦合的评价模型，用模糊层次分析法计算地质灾害的各影响因素之间的权重，结合灰色关联理论计算灰色加权关联度进行评价。以岩溶塌陷为例，确定了岩溶塌陷的评价指标和分级标准；应用模型计算出研究区的危险性等级为Ⅲ级，属于危险性易发区。该实例验证了模型的可行性，为矿山环境问题的分析提供了一种方法。

Risk assessment of mine environmental problems:a case study of Karst collapse

In order to effectively improve the remediation and treatment of mine environmental problems，based on the classification of mine environmental problems in the past，this paper proposed to classify the types of geological hazards existing in mines according to the natural geological hazards of mines and the environmental problems caused by the influence of mining activities.In this paper，an evaluation model based on the coupling of Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process（FAHP） and Grey Relational Analysis（GRA） was introduced in detail.The weights of various factors affecting geological hazards were calculated by using the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process（FAHP），and the grey weighted relational degree was evaluated by combining the GRA theory.Taking karst collapse as an example，firstly，determining the evaluation index and grading standard of karst collapse；secondly，the risk level of the study area is calculated to be grade Ⅲ.This example verifies the feasibility of the model and provides a method for the analysis of mine environmental problems.