External Labeling Techniques: A Taxonomy and Survey |
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Authors: | Michael A. Bekos,Benjamin Niedermann,Martin N llenburg |
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Affiliation: | Michael A. Bekos,Benjamin Niedermann,Martin Nöllenburg |
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Abstract: | External labeling is frequently used for annotating features in graphical displays and visualizations, such as technical illustrations, anatomical drawings, or maps, with textual information. Such a labeling connects features within an illustration by thin leader lines with their labels, which are placed in the empty space surrounding the image. Over the last twenty years, a large body of literature in diverse areas of computer science has been published that investigates many different aspects, models, and algorithms for automatically placing external labels for a given set of features. This state‐of‐the‐art report introduces a first unified taxonomy for categorizing the different results in the literature and then presents a comprehensive survey of the state of the art, a sketch of the most relevant algorithmic techniques for external labeling algorithms, as well as a list of open research challenges in this multidisciplinary research field. |
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Keywords: | • CCS Concepts • Human‐centered computing → Visualization techniques Information visualization Theory of computation → Computational geometry |
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