核电厂放射性固体废物管理系统的研究与开发

目前我国在运核电厂和其他所有堆型（CPR1000、EPR和AP1000）的在建核电厂均缺少一套统一的放射性固体废物管理系统，缺乏对放射性固体废物从产生到最终处置的全周期跟踪管理。根据核电厂的放射性废物管理需求，研制了一套适合于各核电机型的核电厂放射性固体废物管理系统，对废物源项、处理、暂存、运输、处置全过程进行跟踪，使放射性废物管理安全、可控；研发了废物管理跟踪单和数据库，分析了废物管理工艺流程的逻辑关系，根据废树脂、浓缩液、废滤芯、检修废物等处理工艺分别设计了核素计算模型，可推算指定时刻的放射性水平，实现放射性废物数据的深度分析、应用以及对放射性废物安全管理的全过程追踪。研究成果已经在国内部分核电厂使用，有助于提高核电厂的放射性废物管理水平，具有较大的安全和社会意义。同时，该系统记录的数据有助于核电厂实现辐射防护优化设计和放射性废物最小化管理。

Research and Development of Radioactive Solid Waste Management System for Nuclear Power Plants

At present, the nuclear power plants including operation units and constructing units at home almost don’t have a unified radioactive solid waste management system, which can manage the radioactive solid wastes from produce to final dispose process. According to the requirements of radioactive waste management from the nuclear power plants, this paper is devoted to develop a general radioactive solid waste management system, which is suitable for various waste management activities, including the waste source term, collecting, treatment, storage, and transportation and final disposal management of the whole process of solid waste. This paper analyzed the regulations and the logic relationship of the whole waste management activities such as the radioactive waste source term, treatment, storage, transport and disposal requirements, system safety design are also analyzed and planed, and developed the radioactive solid waste management system for the nuclear power plants(RSWI). The RSWI is the first whole process radioactive waste management system in China nuclear power plants, which can trace the whole process of the waste management activities, and develop the waste management tracking tickets and database. According to the different solid waste source term (such as filter cartridges and spent resins or concentrates) and treatment process, different radioactivity modelings have been researched, the radionuclide decay calculation model is designed, which can evaluate the solid waste radioactivity level. RSWI has been used in the nuclear power plants of China. This software can be used in CPR1000, EPR and AP1000 nuclear power plants by system configuration. The results of this paper were applied in some NPP at home, and it is proved to improve the level of nuclear power plants of waste management, which has greater security and social significance. The recorded data will help the nuclear power plants realize the radiation protection optimization design and the radioactive waste minimization management.