等高反坡阶对坡耕地土壤水分空间分布的影响——以昆明松花坝水源区为例

坡耕地是昆明松华坝水源保护区主要土地利用类型,针对日益严重的水土流失,选取水源区迤者小流域内不同坡度的坡耕地为对象,并对其进行等高反坡阶处理,研究坡度及等高反坡阶对坡耕地土壤含水量的影响。结果表明,等高反坡阶处理坡耕地表层土壤的保水效果好于普通坡面,等高反坡阶具有拦蓄地表径流和再分配的功能,降雨后20~40 cm深土层的含水量相较于表层土壤高出1.9%~6.49%;土壤含水量和坡度、深度、有无反坡阶之间均呈现显著的负相关性,与海拔成显著正相关关系。

Effect of contour reverse-slope on spatial distribution of soil moisture of slope farmland:case of water sources area of Songhuba in Kunming

The sloping farmland is the main land-use type in water sources area of Songhuaba in Kunming. Aiming at the se-rious soil erosion of slope farmland in the water source protection areas, the slope farmland with different gradients in the small watershed ( Yizhe) of the water sources area, treated with contour reverse-slope method, was taken as example to research the effect of contour reverse-slope on spatial distribution of soil moisture of slope farmland. The results showed that the water con-servation effect of the slope treated by contour reverse-slope method is better than that of the ordinary slope; the contour slope steps has the functions of surface runoff interception and redistribution, the moisture content of soil layer from 20 to 40 cm after rainfall is 1. 9% to 6. 49% higher than that of the ordinary surface soil;the soil water content is significantly and negatively relat-ed with slope, depth and absence of the reverse slope steps, while is significantly and positively related with the altitude.