Hydrogen production by steam-gasification of petroleum coke using concentrated solar power—II Reactor design,testing, and modeling |
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Authors: | A Z’Graggen P Haueter D Trommer M Romero JC de Jesus A Steinfeld |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH—Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland;2. CIEMAT—Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medio Ambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain;3. PDVSA INTEVEP—Centro de Investigaciones y Apoyo Tecnológico de Petróleos de Venezuela, 1070-A Caracas, Venezuela;4. Solar Technology Laboratory, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland |
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Abstract: | The solar chemical reactor technology for the steam-gasification of petcoke is presented. The reactor features a continuous vortex flow of steam laden with petcoke particles confined to a cavity receiver and directly exposed to concentrated solar radiation. A 5 kW prototype reactor tested in a high-flux solar furnace in the range 1300–1800 K yielded up to 87% petcoke conversion in a single pass of 1 s residence time. The solar-to-chemical energy conversion efficiency attained 9% without accounting for the product's sensible heat, and 20% when the sensible heat is recovered for steam generation and pre-heating. A steady-state process model that couples radiative heat transfer with the reaction kinetics is validated with experimental data and used for optimization and scale-up of the reactor design. |
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