Laboratory evaluation of natural embelin as a grain protectant against some insect pests of wheat in storage |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China;2. Department of Infectious Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China;3. Physical Examination Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China;1. Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;2. Supercritical Fluid Center, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, PR China;2. Key Laboratory of Green Chemical and Clean Energy Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, PR China;3. Engineering Research Center of Efficient Utilization for Industrial Waste, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, PR China |
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Abstract: | The effectiveness of natural embelin isolated from berries of Embelia ribes is discussed as a grain protectant for wheat in storage. More than 50% mortality of Sitophilus oryzae (L.) adults was observed in wheat grains when treated at 0.025% concentration. The F1 progeny was reduced in treatments. However, productivity (progeny/21 adult-days) in treatments was not significantly different from controls. In the case of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), there was 50% adult mortality at 0.025% concentration after 1 day and 3 months of storage, and both progeny and productivity were reduced significantly at all the concentrations. After 8 months of storage, only the highest concentration of 0.1% exhibited appreciable adult mortality, yet the F1 progeny and productivity were significantly low in all the concentrations of embelin. Against larvae of Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) and Ephestia cautella (Walker), 0.0125% concentration retained its effectiveness after 8 months, while higher concentrations of 0.05 and 0.1% offered good protection against Trogoderma granarium Everts larvae. Embelin in the present study did not show any contact toxicity to adults of S. oryzae or R. dominica. The treatment did not have any adverse effect on germination of wheat seeds. In general, the effectiveness of embelin tested against five insect species was C. cephalonica > E. cautella > R. dominica > T. granarium > S. oryzae. |
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