深海原位保压取样装置设计及性能研究

针对深海浮游生物的取样需求，设计了一种高通量的深海压力补偿取样装置，装置包括深海泵总成、自适应压力平衡过滤取样装置、压力补偿装置以及检测控制系统等。仿真分析了硬度90 HA的O形密封圈，在安装压缩率22%、60 MPa的密封环境下的密封压力69.2 MPa，满足密封需求；通过磁力扭矩实验发现，扭矩0.2 N·m时密封舱壁厚7 mm，满足传动及耐压性能的要求；60 MPa高压舱试验中深海泵总成的耐压、密封性能良好；建立了取样装置的压力补偿物理模型。仿真研究表明，公称体积1 L、壁厚25 mm、预充压力25 MPa的囊式蓄能器，在6000 m深海取样的计算中，温度的变化使取样系统有8.75%的压力增加，材料变形引起的压力损失约为0.4%，温度变化对保压效果的影响较大，为确保样品的原位特性，在保压回路中增设溢流阀，并配备样品储运冰箱。

Design and Performance Research on Deep-sea Plankton Sampler with Concentrated and Gas-tight Function

According to demand of deep-sea plankton sampling, a large-sized in-situ water sampler is designed. The system comprises of a deep-sea pump, a filtering device, and a data acquisition and control devices, etc. An O-ring seal with a shore hardness of 90 HA is selected，and its sealing pressure is 69.2 MPa under the sealing environment with an initial installation compression ratio of 22% and 60 MPa, and it can meet sealing requirements．Through a magnetic torque experiment, it is found that the sealing chamber wall thickness is 7 mm when the torque is 0.2 N·m, which meets the requirements of transmission and pressure resistance. The pressure resistance and sealing performance of deep-sea pump is good during a chamber test of 60 MPa. A physical model of pressure compensation for the sampling device is established. The simulation results show that in the calculation of 6000 meters deep sea sampling, the change of temperature increases the pressure of the sampling system by 875%, and the pressure loss caused by material deformation is about 0.4%; the temperature change has a great influence on the effect of pressure preservation; in order to ensure the in-situ characteristics of samples, overflow valves and refrigerators are added.