低剂量γ射线辐照对斑马鱼胚胎的发育和遗传毒性效应

为研究低剂量γ射线辐照对水生生物的发育和遗传毒性效应，以模式生物斑马鱼为研究对象，采用生物细胞辐照仪对5 hpf的斑马鱼胚胎进行不同累积剂量（0.01～1.00 Gy）的γ射线辐照处理，分析了胚胎的存活率、孵化率、畸形率和DNA损伤以及发育至150 dpf的F1代斑马鱼成鱼的繁殖能力及肝脏、肾脏和脾脏抗氧化酶的活性。结果表明：0.01 Gy低剂量γ射线辐照对斑马鱼胚胎存活率和孵化率无显著影响，但畸形率和DNA损伤显著提高；当辐照剂量超过0.10 Gy时，存活率和孵化率显著降低。5 hpf的斑马鱼胚胎接受0.01 Gy低剂量的γ射线辐照后，发育至150 dpf的F1代斑马鱼成鱼，产卵量显著降低，且具有剂量依赖性；肝脏的CAT酶的活性显著升高，表明它可能是评价低剂量γ射线辐照毒性效应潜在的生物标记物。

Development and Genetic Toxicity in Zebrafish Embryo Induced by Low Dose γ-ray Irradiation

This study aimed to investigate the development and genetic toxicity of γ-ray to aquatic organisms by using the zebrafish, a model organism, as the object of study. Different cumulative doses (0.01-1.00 Gy) of γ-ray from γ cell irradiation apparatus were used to irradiate zebrafish embryos at 5 hpf. The survival, hatching, malformation rates and DNA damages of the zebrafish embryos, and the reproductive capacities and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) and peroxidase (GPx) in their liver, kidney and spleen of the adult fishes at 150 dpf developed from the irradiated embryos were analyzed, respectively. The results indicate that the irradiation of γ-ray with 0.01 Gy has no significant effect on the survival rates and hatching rates of zebrafish embryos, but the malformation rates significantly increase. The survival rates and hatching rates of the zebrafish embryos significantly decrease when the cumulative doses of γ-ray irradiation are more than 0.10 Gy. After the zebrafish embryos at 5 hpf received 0.01 Gy γ-ray irradiation, the egg laying amounts produced by their adult fishes at 150 dpf significantly decrease in a dose dependent manner. The activities of CAT in liver significantly increase in the adult fishes at 150 dpf when the zebrafish embryos at 5 hpf are irradiated by 0.01 Gy γ-ray irradiation, indicating that it may be the potential biomarkers for assessing the toxicity of low dose γ-ray irradiation.