华龙一号平衡循环燃料管理策略研究

核电厂燃料管理的主要任务是在约定的限制条件下，为核电厂一系列的运行循环做出其经济安全运行的全部决策，确定最佳的各循环装料策略。一座核电厂从建成到退役期间要经历初始循环、过渡循环、平衡循环序列，平衡循环在理想情况下是一个无限的循环序列，一般认为平衡循环是性能指标最佳的循环方案，并为燃料管理人员定为目标运行循环。基于华龙一号百万千瓦级核电厂，通过对燃料组件和可燃毒物的合理布置及优化，采用了混合富集度燃料组件的换料策略，进行了平衡循环的燃料管理方案设计。结果表明，燃料管理方案在循环长度、核焓升因子、慢化剂温度系数、停堆裕量和组件卸料燃耗方面均满足预先设定的燃料管理目标。平均批卸料燃耗和燃料组件燃耗限值的比值约为0.92，与AP1000、EPR等三代核电站相当，具有非常好的燃料经济性。

Investigation on Equilibrium Cycle Fuel Management Strategy of Hualong One

Core fuel management which is of great importance to insure the safety and economics of the nuclear power plant will give the optimal loading patterns of initial and reloading core. During life of nuclear power plant, there are initial cycle, transition cycle and equilibrium cycle. The equilibrium cycle which is repetitive sequence under ideal condition is generally considered as the optimal loading pattern having the best performance parameter and the target operation cycle for fuel managers. A fuel management strategy using assemblies of two enrichments was introduced, and plenty of multi-cycle fuel management schemes which determine the fresh fuel composition and placement were searched and calculated based on the nuclear power plant of Hualong One. It is shown that the typical parameters including cycle length, nuclear enthalpy rise factor, moderator temperature coefficient, shutdown margin and assembly discharge burnup meet the design criteria. The ratio of the assembly average discharge burnup and the assembly burnup limit is about 0.92 approaching the advanced world level (such as AP1000 and EPR), which improves the economics of the nuclear power plant.