Effect of gamma irradiation and heat treatment on the artificial contamination of maize grains by Aspergillus flavus Link NRRL 5906 |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Biotechnology Research Center, Food Analysis and Treatment Research Group, P. O. Box 30313, Tripoli, Libya;2. Aalto University, School of Chemical Technology, Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, P. O. Box 16100 (Kemistintie 1), FIN-00076, Aalto, Finland;3. University of Sharjah, SREE Department, P. O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;4. Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India;1. IRTA, Ctra Cabrils km 2, 08348 Cabrils, Barcelona, Spain;2. USDA-ARS North Central Agricultural Research Services, Brookings, SD 57006, USA;1. Institute of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;2. Ecology Group, Institute of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;1. Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China;2. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China;3. Laboratory of Food Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Harelbekestraat 72, Ghent B 9000, Belgium;4. Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen''s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT95AG, UK;1. International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), P.O. Box 1041-00621, Nairobi, Kenya;2. Gent University College, Gent, Belgium |
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| Abstract: | Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the main crops, which is easily susceptable to Aspergillus flavus infection resulting in huge losses worldwide. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of combining heat and irradiation treatments in controlling the fungal growth in maize grains. Surface disinfected maize grains were artificially contaminated with spores of Aspergillus flavus Link NRRL 5906, and then exposed to gamma radiation with doses of 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 kGy. The samples were additionally heat treated at 60 °C for 30 min. The heat and irradiation treatments showed a synergistic effect on controlling Aspergillus flavus growth. The heat treatment reduced the required radiation dose of about 0.5–1.0 kGy when 4.0 kGy or 5.0 kGy irradiation was used. The combined heat and irradiation treatment of moisture reduced the average CFU by 8 log cycles when 4 kGy or 5 kGy irradiation was used and by 7 log cycles when 3 kGy irradiation was used. The heat treatment of moisture alone reduced the average CFU by only by 0.8 log cycles. Combining irradiation with heat treatment to reduce the required radiation dose is very useful especially when there is a concern over biological side effects of irradiation. |
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| Keywords: | Gamma irradiation Heat treatment Maize Aflatoxin B1 (PubChem CID: 186907) Aflatoxin B2 (PubChem CID: 2724360) |
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