冶金固废中铟的湿法浸出技术

我国再生铟主要从冶金固废中湿法提取,浸出工艺直接影响着铟回收率。通过对冶金固废中铟湿法浸出技术的介绍,对每种浸出技术的国内外研究进展进行了综合分析。其中,以酸性浸出为主,再辅以其他手段强化,铟浸出率基本达到90%以上。但是,浸出后伴随铁、锌、钙、镁等组分后续处理存在分离困难等问题,使得纯化提铟工艺存在流程长、工艺复杂、能耗高等缺点。碱性浸出能够使铟等少量两性物质进入溶液,剩余组分保留在浸出渣中,从而简化分离过程。如能采用合适的强化手段破坏含铟晶格结构,为铟的浸出打开通道,则可以实现铟的高效碱性浸出和铟铁分离。因此,该方法可作为短流程、低能耗提铟的研究方向。

Wet Leaching Technology of Indium from Metallurgical Solid Wastes

Regenerated indium is mainly extracted from metallurgical solid wastes by wet method in China, in which leaching process directly affects the recovery of indium. Wet leaching technology of indium from metallurgical solid wastes is introduced in this paper. Research progress of each wet leaching technology at home and abroad is analyzed. Acid leaching is the main method, which supplemented by strengthening means, and the leaching rate of indium is more than 90%. However, iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium and other components exist in solution after leaching, then separation and other problems occur in subsequent processing. Thus, purification and extraction process of indium has disadvantages such as long, complex process, high energy consumption and so on. Alkaline leaching can make amphoteric components, such as indium, into the solution, and the remaining components are retained in leaching residue to simplify separation process. Proper strengthening means can used to destroy the indium lattice structure and open a channel for indium leaching, then high efficiency leaching and separation of indium can be realized. Therefore, alkaline leaching with strengthening method can be a new research direction for indium extraction with short process and low energy consumption.