基于变权重理论和TOPSIS法的采矿方法优选

针对金属矿山复杂的开采技术条件,综合考虑经济、技术、安全因素,采用变权重理论和TOPSIS法,建立了采矿方法优选的基于变权重理论的TOPSIS多属性决策模型,其中利用变权重理论确定模型中各因素的权重,然后通过计算各采矿方法的综合优越度来综合评价各方案的优劣;并以三山岛金矿新立矿区海底开采为例,根据采矿方法选择原则,结合矿区开采实际情况,提出了六个具有代表性的方案,通过建立的决策模型对各方案进行了综合评判以选出最合适的采矿方案。研究结果表明:这六种方案的综合优越度分别为16.39%、70.87%、73.53%、83.78%、82.94%和73.50%,其中方案四和方案五的最高并且比较接近,结合新立矿区工程概况及开采技术条件,因而最终确定对于厚大矿体采用方案四,对于薄至中厚矿体则采用方案五开采,结果与工程实际相吻合,用这种方法选择出的采矿方法能最大程度实现安全、高效、低耗采矿的目的,同时表明该综合评判模型对采矿方式的优选具有一定的工程应用价值。

Optimization of Mining Method based on variable weight theory and TOPSIS

For the complicated situation of metal mine, a multi-attribute decision-making model, which takes into account the economic, technical, safety factor, based on variable weight theory and TOPSIS is put forward to select a preferred mining methods, then through the use of variable weight theory to determine the weight of each factor in the model, and calculating the comprehensive superior degree to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each mining method. Taking the seabed mining in Xinli mine area of Sanshandao Gold Mine as an example, six representative schemes are proposed according to the principle of the selection of mining method and actual situation of the mining area, and carrying out a comprehensive evaluation test to each scheme through the decision-making model. The results show that the superior degrees of the six methods was 16.39%, 70.87%, 73.53%, 83.78%, 82.94% and 73.50% respectively, of which the fourth scheme and the fifth scheme is the highest and relatively close to each other. Thus, it is eventually determined that the mining method should be adopted for the mining of thick and large orebodies by using the fourth scheme and for medium-thick orebodies by using the fifth scheme according to the actual situation. The conclusion coincides with the engineering practice, and the mining method selected by this method can achieve the purpose of safety, high efficiency and low consumption mining to the greatest extent, and it also shows that the comprehensive evaluation model has a certain engineering guidance for the optimization selection of mining methods.