浅析新建矿山土地复垦适宜性评价

土地复垦规划中的土地适宜性评价是对未来土地利用方向的决策过程，其前提是损毁土地的综合分析。由于土地作为自然、社会经济综合体的特殊属性，决定了其在不同投入以及治理方式下功能的差异性。所以，从时间角度考虑，评价时间基点不同，评价结果将大相径庭，评价过程须综合考虑损毁前、损毁后拟复垦土地自然属性以及社会经济条件。1）井工开采沉陷土地适宜性评价的重点为农用地以及未利用地，其中，农用地适宜性评价重点考虑其原土地利用状态；2)排矸场、弃渣场土地适宜性评价在考虑其稳定性的前提下，多以经验以及类比法确定其适宜性方向;3)露天矿排土场适宜性评价的前提为确定其拟复垦土地的生态功能，在此基础上进行适宜性等级评价。

SUITABILITY EVALUATION OF LAND REHABILITATION IN NEWLY-CONSTRUCTED MINES

Land suitability evaluation during land rehabilitation fixes the future land utilization based on a comprehensive analysis on destroyed lands. Lands, as a hybrid of nature, society and economy, bear a special attribute, which determines the functional difference under different inputs and rehabilitation. Time must be considered while evaluating. Evaluation shall cover the land natural attributes and social-economic conditions before and after land destroying. The suitability for land with surface subsidence by underground mining shall be focused on farmland and unused land, and on its original status if farmland. Waste dumping land can be determined by experience and analogy based on its stability. A precondition for dumping land at opencast pit is to ensure its ecological function while rehabilitation and a suitability class shall be given.