| Abstract: | Four PPG Avanel Series S surfactants (sodium alkyl polyether sulfonates) with varying ethylene oxide content (n = 3, 7, 9, and 15) were used to investigate the influence of the steric length in this type of electrosteric stabilizers on emulsion polymerization. The polymerization studies employing potassium persulfate as an initiator with styrene, methyl methacrylate, and vinyl acetate monomers showed no apparent change in particle size, number of particles, and polymerization rate with the changing steric length of the surfactant. Steric influences were observed in the redox-initiated systems of styrene, butyl acrylate, and methyl methacrylate. Increasing the ethylene oxide unit content from three to nine units decreased the rate of polymerization, the particle size and number in the polystyrene latexes. Polymerizations with the acrylates displayed the same trend except that the polymerization rate reached a minimum value at nine ethylene oxide units and increased when the surfactant containing 15 ethylene oxide units was used. |
