特高压变电站工频电场模拟计算及其分布规律

特高压变电站内设备种类繁多,且电磁环境较为复杂,因此在设计阶段需对站内工频电场强度进行合理评估。为此,运用有限元分析软件Ansys建立了3维变电站计算模型,并采用谐波分析方法实现了电准静态场的模拟计算。以淮南至上海特高压交流输电示范工程变电站带高抗出线回路新型4柱设计方案为例,研究了母线、设备及构架对回路对地1.5m处电场分布的影响,并对母线高度进行了优化。研究结果表明：带高抗出线回路（简称高抗回路）的大部分区域对地1.5m处的电场强度由母线高度决定,设备结构仅对自身附近区域的电场强度影响较大;构架位置会影响站内电场强度峰值的出现区域;设计方案的母线高度为17.15m,最大电场强度为9.34kV/m,经过优化的母线的最优高度为16.65m。对特高压交流示范工程长治站和荆门站分别进行工频电场模拟计算,计算结果表明：2座变电站的工频电场均满足电场强度设计要求;站内主要区域电场分布的计算结果和测量结果之间的误差约为10%。

Simulate Calculation and Distribution of Power Frequency Electric Filed in UHV Substations

The power-frequency electric-field strength has to be evaluated in the design of substations.We established a three-dimensional model of UHV substations by the ANSYS software,and using harmonic analysis method,we simulated and calculated electroquasistatic(EQS) field.Moreover,taking a new design for high voltage(HV) shunt reactor circuit in Huainan-Shanghai UHV AC transmission demonstration project substation as an example,we analyzed the effects of tubular busbars,power apparatus and frameworks on electric-field distribution at 1.5 m above ground,and optimized the height of tubular busbars.The results show that the maximal electric-field strength at 1.5 m above ground of most areas is determined by the height of tubular busbars.The structures of power apparatus only influence the electric-field distribution in vicinity areas.Framework location affects the position where the maximal value appears.The original height of tubular busbars is 17.15 m with a maximal electric-field value of 9.34 kV/m.And the optimized height of tubular busbars is 16.65 m.An addition calculation of the electric field in Changzhi and Jingmen UHV substations is carried out respectively.The results show that the electric-field values meet the requirments of the design standard.And the difference between numerical results and measured values is less than 10% in the main areas of two substations.