塔中地区缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层的地球物理预测方法

塔中地区碳酸盐岩储层以石灰岩为主，次为白云岩，原生基质孔隙大多不发育，多为后期次生改造（构造作用、溶蚀作用）形成的溶洞和裂缝。从成因上看，储层类型主要有礁滩型、风化壳型和内幕白云岩型３大类。针对碳酸盐岩储层横向变化大、非均质性强、成藏条件复杂的特点,深入分析了礁滩型、风化壳型和内幕白云岩型等不同类型碳酸盐岩储层的地震响应特征,运用了叠前、叠后多种地震资料处理技术提高资料的品质，采用叠前、叠后多种技术手段综合预测了塔中地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层的分布, 取得了明显效果，指导了碳酸盐岩油气藏的勘探。

Geophysical prediction methods on fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs in Tazhong area

The carbonate reservoirs in the Tazhong area are dominated by limestone, with minor dolostone. Their primary matrix porosity is underdeveloped as a whole and consists mostly of caverns and fracture resulted from secondary modification (tectonism and dissolution) in later stages. The carbonate reservoirs can be divided into three types according to their origins, namely reef/bank type, palaeo weathering crust type and inner dolostone type. In view of the characteristics of carbonate reservoirs such as great lateral variation, strong heterogeneity and complex hydrocarbon pooling conditions, a thorough analysis is performed on the seismic responses of different types of carbonate reservoirs. Various pre and post stack seismic processing techniques are used to improve data quality. Several pre and post stack methods are applied to comprehensively predict the distribution of the Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the study area. The results have provided useful guidance for the exploration of carbonate reservoirs.