Facile and scalable synthesis of a highly hydroxylated water-soluble fullerenol as a single nanoparticle |
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Authors: | Ken Kokubo Shogo Shirakawa Naoki Kobayashi Hisae Aoshima Takumi Oshima |
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Affiliation: | (1) Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;(2) Vitamin C60 BioResearch Corporation, 1-3-19 Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0028, Japan |
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Abstract: | A water-soluble polyhydroxylated fullerene, i.e. a fullerenol, with 44 hydroxyl groups and 8 secondary bound water molecules,
C60(OH)44·8H2O (estimated average structure), has been synthesized in a facile one step reaction from pristine C60 by hydroxylation with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a phase-transfer catalyst, tetra-n-butylammonium hydroxide (TBAH), under organic/aqueous bilayer conditions. The fullerenol exhibited high water solubility,
up to 64.9 mg/mL, under neutral (pH = 7) conditions. Dynamic light-scattering (DLS) analysis showed a narrow particle size
distribution, of 1–2 nm, indicating that the fullerenol had high dispersion properties in water. The results of particle size
analyses, which both focused on a single nanoregion and were conducted using a novel induced grating (IG) method and a scanning
probe microscope (SPM), were consistent with the DLS results. A plausible reaction mechanism, which includes fullerene oxide
intermediates detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), has been proposed. |
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Keywords: | Fullerene fullerenol hydroxyl group nanoparticle water solubility |
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