Least Squares Boundary Residual Method for the Analysis of Step Discontinuities in Open Chiral Waveguides

We analyse the reflection, transmission and radiation characteristics of a step discontinuity in a grounded chiral slab and we show that the step radiation can be enhanced due to the effect of the chirality. The analysis is performed using a mode matching technique. The fields are expressed in terms of the discrete modes and the continuous spectrum using two subsets of hybrid radiation modes: incident transverse electric (ITE) and incident transverse magnetic (ITM) modes. The scattering matrix of the step is determined by minimizing the boundary residual error in the sense of the least squares. The influence of chirality on the characterization of the step is demonstrated and we show that control of the radiation pattern is achieved, including angle and width of the radiation beam.