天然气水合物生成及分解的工艺流程设计

天然气水合物技术可显著降低天然气储运费用，提高天然气储运的经济性和安全性，受到了工业界的普遍重视，而设计研究高效的水合物生产工艺则是其工业化应用的基础。目前的天然气水合物工艺流程普遍存在着投资大、生产效率低、经济性差的缺点。为此，从水合物的基本组成出发，从降低能耗、优化水合物生成及分解的温度与压力、提高生成及分解的反应速率等方面对流程进行了设计：进入水合物反应釜前，水和天然气各自以一条支路流动；水从上支路泵入反应釜，而天然气则从下支路喷入反应釜；反应釜内温度控制为10 ℃，压力控制为5 MPa。综合考虑了各种分解方法的优缺点，选用加注热水法作为水合物分解的激发方式。该流程是专为固态天然气储运技术而开发的，具有成本低廉，可以高效连续制备、分解固体天然气等优点。

PROCESS FLOW DESIGNS ON NATURAL GAS HYDRATE GENERATION AND DECOMPOUND

The hydrate technology of natural gas obviously reduces storage and transportation expenditure and improves economical and secure performance of natural gas, which is widely recognized by related industries. Design and research works of highly efficient process flow of natural gas hydrate (NGH) is the foundation of its industrialization. However，current NGH process flows have some common disadvantages, such as huge investments, low production efficiency and inferior economic revenue. Thus, NGH design works are conducted on the basis of its essential components on reducing energy consumption, optimizing the generation and decompound temperature and pressure, and boosting the reaction velocity of NGH generation and decompound, etc. The following contents are the detailed solutions: water and natural gas flow into different branches respectively before they enter the autoclave; water is pumped into the autoclave through the upper branch, while natural gas the lower branch; the temperature in the autoclave is controlled at 10 ℃, while the pressure is controlled at 5 MPa. Hot water injection method is finally chosen as a stimulating way for hydrates decompound after considering the advantages and disadvantages of various methods, which is exclusively designed as a solid natural gas storage and transportation process flow for continuously producing and decompounding solid natural gas with low cost and high efficiency.