页岩气油基钻屑萃取处理技术

随着页岩气、致密气等非常规油气的开发，因油基钻井液较水基钻井液有不可替代的优点，油基钻井液的使用规模逐渐增加，但钻井过程中产生的油基钻屑是含油危险废弃物，对环境、生态及安全均产生严重的影响。因此，研发了一种萃取剂CQJ，形成了适合于处理页岩气油基钻屑萃取工艺。该萃取剂CQJ与常规溶剂相比，具有闪点高、挥发性低、萃取效果好、毒性低的优点。对四川页岩气某区块油基钻屑进行了油基钻屑萃取处理中试，累计处理油基钻屑56 m3，取得了良好的效果。结果表明:处理后钻屑含油量平均达到0.76%，其钻屑浸出液指标符合污水排放标准；萃取剂回收率平均达到95.4%，油回收率平均达到91.5%，萃取剂可重复使用，同时回收油性能满足二次配制油基钻井液要求，实现了无害化、资源化，不造成二次污染的目标。 

Extraction Disposal of Oil Cuttings in Shale Gas Drilling

Oil cuttings, as a kind of oil-bearing hazardous waste, pose grave effect on environment, ecology and safety. An extraction agent CQJ, has been developed to deal with oil cuttings produced in shale gas drilling. Compared with commonly used solvents, CQJ has advantages such as high flashing point, low volatility, good extraction performance and low toxicity. In a pilot test, oil cuttings of 56 m3 taken from a shale gas block in Sichuan were treated with CQJ. The test results showed that average oil content in the cuttings after treatment was 0.76%, and 91.5% of the oil in cuttings was recovered. CQJ can be used repeatedly, and the oil extracted can be used again in preparing oil base drilling fluid. Harmlessness, resourcing and avoidance of secondary pollution are realized with the use of CQJ.