论制度设计中的人性假设基础

人性是复杂、具体而富于变化的。实际的社会生活是制度及其设计的现实基础 ;对这一实际的社会生活中的人的本性问题的抽象———人性假设 ,则构成制度及其设计的逻辑前提。人性假设的错位将导致制度价值的错位 ,进而导致制度的无效。人性的发展和人性假设的深化与制度演进之间有着密切联系。它们是一个互动的发展过程 ,人性假设制约着制度设计 ,但人性假设又必须建立在现实的制度环境基础上。科学的人性假设基础是制度合理性和有效性的根本来源 ,也是制度可执行性的基本保证之一。

The Basis of Human Nature Assumption in Institutional Design

The human nature is complicated, idiographic and changeful. Practical social life is the foundation of institution and institutional design. The human nature assumption, which is abstracted from the real human nature in social life, turn into the logic prerequisite of the institution and institutional design. The misplacing of the human nature assumption will lead to the misplacing of the institutional value,resulting in institutional inefficacy. There is close relationship between the development of the human nature, the in-depth assumption of human nature and the evolution of institutions. They develop interdynamically. The human nature assumption restricts the institutional design, at the same time, it should be based on practical institutional environment. The scientific human nature assumption is the essential source of the institutional rationality and the institutional validity, and one of the guarantees of institutional execution.