华北陆块南缘曲梁煤矿滑动构造及其成因

通过对煤矿滑动构造的研究,目的是进行煤层断开后的正确恢复与对接,从而客观圈定和估算矿体资源量,正确投入矿山开发设计;这首先就要了解滑动构造的组成。曲梁煤矿滑动构造由滑动面、下伏系统和滑体三部分组成。滑动面:呈凹月面形,浅部斜切岩层,深部在二1煤层上下波动,滑动面上下均出现较厚的构造破碎带;下伏系统:主要有奥陶系、石炭及二叠系底部的砂泥岩组成,其层位均在二1煤层下面起着基盘作用;滑体:位于滑动面之上,主要由二叠系二1煤层以上地层组成,为滑动构造的运动部分。滑动构造的运动方向系多次性来回运动,其证据有:在滑动构造范围内全部为地层缺失,构造带既出现糜棱岩、断层泥等压性特征,同时又出现角砾岩的张性特征,先压后张的规律明显。滑动构造的成因系由燕山早期侏罗纪南北向挤压,煤系地层首先形成褶皱构造,大致以二1煤层为界形成滑动构造,整个地质体分割成上下两部分,在重力和地壳挤压的双重作用下,滑体向滑动至最低点后又随惯性滑向对面滑面斜坡,随后又向回滑,这样来回振荡滑动,状似阻尼单摆运动。燕山晚期早白垩世地壳运动由挤压转为伸展,形成高角度正断层切断了滑面的连续性,使二1煤层错断并下降300~600 m,滑动构造终止。这是通过大量钻探资料的总结得出的认识,有助于地质工作者参考该思路寻找构造缺失的煤矿层,使得我们的矿产地质勘查评价更具合理性。

Sliding Structure and Factor of Quliang Coal Mine in Northern China Block

Through the study of the sliding structure of the coal mine, The purpose is to correctly recover the coal seam after the break, so as to objectively delineate and estimate the ore body resources,and orrectly put into mine development and design.This must first understand the composition of the sliding structure.The gliding tectonics of coal district in Quliang consist of glide plane,underlying system and gliding mass.a.Glide plane is a hollow lunar shape, with thick crushed zone both in the top and bottom.Superficial part bevels strata and deep part fluctuates around minable seam;b.Underlying system: mainly consists of Ordovician system,charcoal and siltpelite in Permian base.Their position is under the minable seam like basal disk.c.Gliding mass: it lies on the glide plane and consists of stratum which above Permian minable seam.It is the moving part of gliding tectonics.The sense of movement of gliding tectonics is repeatedly back and forth.In the range of gliding tectonics, there are completely stratigraphic gap.Tectonic belt has compression feature as mylonite and fault clay, at the same time, it has tensile feature as breccia.Pre-compression and post-tensioning clearly proved this kind of movement.The cause of formation of gliding tectonics is the meridional pinch in early stage of Yanshan Jurassic Period.Firstly, coal measure stratum formed folding tectonics and gliding tectonics approximately at minable seam-boundary.The whole geological body was divided into high part and low part.Under the double action of gravity and earth crust pinch, gliding mass slides to the rock bottom and then slides to opposite slope due to inertia.Then it slides back to the rock bottom again.Therefore it slides back and force like damping simple pendulum movement.Late stage of Yanshan Lower Cretaceous, crustal movement becomes stretch, forming high angle normal fault and then cutting off the continuity of gliding plane.As a result, minable seam trapped and dropped 300-600m and gliding tectonics ended.This is a summary of the information obtained through a large number of drilling knowledge, It can help geologists to refer to this idea to find the structure of the missing coal mine, and make our mineral geological survey evaluation more reasonable.