一种改性硝酸铵晶体性质的研究

本文通过对复合表面活性剂处理的改性硝酸铵晶体进行电镜扫描、差示量热分析及X射线衍射实验,对某些晶体性质进行分析研究,并对其比表面积、抗吸湿结块性及爆炸性能进行测定.结果表明,同普通硝酸铵相比,改性硝酸铵的晶形歧化,比表面积大,富含气孔,晶变热降低且晶变点后移,而其晶格结构并无变化.并具有良好的抗吸湿结块性,用它代替普通硝酸铵所制得的粉状工业炸药具有良好的物理性能和爆炸性能.

CRYSTAL PROPERTIES OF MODIFIED AMMONIUM NITRATES

In this paper,some crystal properties of modified ammonium nitrate treated with composite surfactants are analysed by scanning electron microanalyzer,differential scanning calorimetry, X ray diffraction, and their specific surface area, anti hygroscopicity,anti caking as well as explosion properties are examined. The results show that, compared to conventional ammonium nitrate, modified ammonium nitrate crystals possesses disproportionate shape, larger specific surface areas. They contain large numbers of gas pockets, lowerheat of crystal pattern transition; their temperatures of crystal pattern transition are moved backward, and their crystal lattice structure do not change. The modified ammonium nitrate has better performances in anti hygroscopicity and anti caking. Powder industrial explosives produced from modified ammonium nitrate have better physical properties as well as those of explosion.