基于空间位置的增量式光电编码器误差检测系统

增量式光电编码器输出信号的正交性和均匀性是其重要技术指标之一，对增量式光电编码器的精度检测是编码器研制和生产过程中的重要环节。传统信号质量的检测是基于时间位置进行检测的，其检测准确度受转速均匀度影响，在高速、变速转动下对增量式光电编码器的动态性能检测并不准确。提出了一种基于空间位置的信号质量检测方法，并设计了相应的检测系统。检测系统采用直流无刷电机带动高精度角脉冲发生器和被检增量式编码器同轴旋转，并采集高精度角脉冲发生器在被检增量式编码器输出信号边沿时刻的数值，进行误差计算。该检测系统极大地减小了由于转速不均匀造成的测量不准确度。运用该检测系统对输出脉冲周期数为32 400的增量式编码器进行检测，并与时间位置检测法进行对比实验。实验结果表明:该检测系统检测结果不受电机转速变化的影响，可有效地提高检测精度及检测效率，能够实现动态检测。该系统的研制为批量生产增量式光电编码器提供了极大的便捷。

Error measurement system of incremental photoelectric encoder based on space position

The uniformity and orthogonality are important technical indicators of photoelectric incremental encoders' performance. The precision measuring of incremental encoders is an important link in development and manufacture of encoders. Traditional measurement of signal quality is based on time position and varied from the uniformity of rotating speed. The dynamic performance testing is incorrect with high speed and variable speed rotation. A testing method based on angle was proposed and corresponding system was established. The measured incremental encoder and a high-precision angular impulse generator were installed and rotated synchronously with a brushless DC motor; when measured incremental encoder output a signal edge, collected the data of the high precision angular generator and calculated the error. The detection error of the proposed system caused by uneven shaft rotating speed of the encoder shaft was greatly reduced. Measurements were carried out through encoders with periodical impulse output number 32 400, and was contrasted to the experiment based on time. The experimental results show that the system is free of the impacts of varying speed of driving motor, and is capable of improving the accuracy and efficiency of the incremental encoders testing. It was the proposed system that brings the batch production with great convenience.