基于激光雷达脉冲特性的湍流风速估计方法

提出了一种基于激光脉冲距离权重函数的湍流风场速度估计的方法，可以解决多普勒信息探测晴空湍流风场中精细化的风速测量问题。算法以划分的距离门为单位对速度值进行空间平均，将各距离单元速度与激光脉冲距离权重函数进行卷积运算得到风速的局部估计值。并考虑高斯激光脉冲在湍流风场中的有效空间展宽传输特性，根据直接选取距离门中心位置的速度估计方法和快速的线性平均近似方法的处理过程，引入激光脉冲的传输特性来表达湍流径向风速的统计平均值，以实现湍流风速的测量以及激光雷达在探测湍流上的应用。实验结果表明，在有明显湍流条件的风场环境中，脉冲距离权重方法比线性平均方法在保留真实风场属性的前提下具有相对更小的速度标准差，显示出较好的风速修正效果，提高了激光雷达对湍流风场的测速性能。

Estimation method of turbulent wind speed based on lidar pulse characteristics

Based on the distance weight function of laser pulse, the velocity estimation method of turbulent wind field was studied, which can solve the problem of fining wind speed measurement with Doppler information to detection clear air turbulence. The spatial averaging of the velocity values was taken as a unit of the distance gate. The localized estimations of the wind speed were obtained by convolving the distance unit velocity and the laser pulse distance weight function. Considering the transmission characteristics of the Gaussian laser pulse in the turbulent wind field, which included the effective spatial broadening of the laser pulse to realize the measurement of the turbulence velocity and the application of the lidar in the detection of turbulence. According to the direct speed estimation method and the fast linear average approximation method, the transmission characteristic of the laser pulse was introduced to express the statistical mean value of the radial wind speed of the turbulence. The results show that in the wind field with obvious turbulence conditions, while the high precision pulse distance weighting method has a relatively small velocity standard deviation under the premise of preserving the real wind field attribute. It shows good performance in wind speed correction, improves the measuring performance of lidar on turbulent wind field.