大气参数模式及其在辐射大气传输计算中的应用

大气辐射传输的计算精度在很大程度上依赖于大气参数的精度。建立局地的大气参数模式在光电工程的大气传输计算中将有重要应用。利用目前可获得的探空数据、卫星观测数据、地面站点的观测数据初步建立了我国不同地域的大气参数模式，包括地面至120 km高度的温度、湿度、气压的逐日、逐月、逐年高度分布廓线、地面能见度的月平均分布，覆盖我国91个气象探空台站。并把这些大气参数模式用在通用大气辐射传输计算软件（CART）中计算大气透过率和大气背景辐射。文中展示了5个台站的大气参数时空分布以及用CART计算的大气窗口波段的透过率、大气热背景辐射逐月分布及其在我国地域的空间分布。

Atmospheric parameter model and its application in the calculation of atmospheric raditaive transfer

The calculation accuracy of atmospheric radiative transfer depends greatly on the precision of atmospheric parameters. The establishment of a local atmospheric parameter model plays an important role in the calculation of atmospheric radiative transfer for the photoelectric engineering. By using the data of currently available, including balloon-sounding data, satellite observation data, and some surface observation data at different areas in China, a preliminary model of atmospheric parameters was established, including the daily average, monthly average and yearly average profiles from the ground to 120 km of atmospheric temperature, humidity, air pressure, and density, as well as the monthly average of the ground visibility, covering the 91 observing stations in China. These parameters were integrated in the Combined Atmospheric Radiative Transfer calculation software (CART) to calculate atmospheric transmittance and atmospheric background radiation. The spatial distribution of atmospheric parameters of 5 stations and the monthly distribution of atmospheric thermal background radiation and its geographical distribution in China were shown in the paper.