基于瞬态模型的油气管道泄漏检测

油气输送管道泄漏是妨碍管道安全运行的主要因素之一。为此，研究了一种新型的基于瞬态模型的管道泄漏检测方法，并对传统的特征线法差分格式进行了改进，将其应用于对管道瞬态模型的求解。该方法利用所采集到的管道前后两端的压力、温度、流量等参数，对管道实施由前到后和由后到前的两次仿真，进而对两次仿真的结果进行比较，从而判断管道是否发生了泄漏，并确定泄漏位置。求解结果表明：该方法不仅大大减少了仿真过程中由启动到稳定所经历的时间，提高了仿真系统的适应性，而且求解速度快，同时还能够满足实时仿真的要求，能够对管道的泄漏做出及时准确的报警，定位误差在被测管长的1%以内，可满足工程应用的要求。

LEAKAGE DETECTION OF OIL AND GAS PIPELINES BY TRANSIENT MODEL 1)

Leakage of oil/gas pipelines is one of the major factors to influence the safe operation of the pipelines. A new method is developed for leakage detection of pipelines by transient model. And the difference scheme of traditional typical line method is improved, which is used to solve the transient model. With the parameters of pressure, temperature, flow rate, etc. acquired from both ends of the pipeline, twice emulations are conducted from the head end to the tail end and from the tail end to the head end. The results of the twice emulations are compared to judge if leakage happens and where the leakage is. The study shows the method can not only decrease the time of the emulation process from start to stable status greatly and improve the applicability of the emulation system, but also get the solution rapidly and meet the requirement of emulation at real time and make alarm in time accurately for pipeline leakage. The locating error is less than 1% of the pipeline length, which satisfies the requirement of engineering application.