橡胶基体极性对高填充量橡胶/黏土纳米复合材料微观结构与性能的影响

研究了橡胶基体极性对高填充量橡胶/黏土纳米复合材料（RCNs）微观结构及性能的影响，探讨了硫化过程对极性环境不同的RCNs微观结构及性能的影响机理。研究表明：橡胶基体的极性对RCNs近程微观结构和远程微观结构都会产生一定的影响。RCNs中黏土片层会因高压作用（硫化过程）而发生远程聚集，但近程微观结构会因橡胶基体极性的不同而发生不同的变化;有机黏土的加入可以对RCNs的力学性能、气体阻隔性能有显著的改善。RCNs的力学性能与其远程微观结构关系密切;RCNs的气体阻隔性能则因黏土含量的不同而受到近程微观结构和远程微观结构的共同影响;远程微观结构较好的RCNs（如NBRCNs）的气体阻隔性能会在较低的黏土用量下进入增长平台阶段，黏土高用量情况下，相对气体透过率主要取决于近程微观结构。

Influence of polarity of rubber matrix on micro-structure and properties of RCNs with high filling clay amount

The relations between the micro-structure and properties of rubber/clay nanocomposites, isobutylene-isoprene RCN (IIRCN), styrene-butadiene RCN (SBRCN), and nitrile-butadiene RCN (NBRCN) were investigated.Some interesting problems were studied with respect to the influence imposed by vulcanization on the micro-structure and corresponding mechanisms in different polarity environment of RCNs, the different micro-structure between RCNs of a high content of clay based on different polarized rubber matrices, and the influence imposed by different polarities of the rubber matrices on the mechanical properties and gas barrier property of RCNs, especially for RCNs with a high clay content.Certain conclusions were made from these experiments.The polarity of rubber matrix had certain influence on both the short range and the remote range micro-structures of RCNs, but the final results were not definitely consistent for different rubber matrices.In other words, the silicate layers in the RCNs were integrated in the remote range in the process of vulcanization because of the high pressure, but the short range micro-structure changed according to the properties of the rubber matrix.The micro-structures of the high clay content RCNs were decided by the properties of the matrix.The experimental results showed that the mechanical and gas barrier properties of RCNs increased with increasing amount of filled clay.The mechanical properties of RCNs were mainly decided by the remote micro-structures, while the gas barrier properties of RCNs was influenced by both the remote range and the short range micro-structures according to the clay content in the RCNs.The gas barrier properties of NBRCNs decreased slowly at a small filling clay amount and were determined by short range micro-structures at a high filling clay amount.