自制砂土装样设备及其控制要素分析

土工模型试验中砂样的装样质量非常重要。为获得指定相对密度的砂样，针对福建标准砂，自主研制了一套装样设备，并进行了多组砂雨法装样的对比试验。通过对试验结果的整理分析，定量给出了砂样流速、落距及装样容器对试样相对密度的影响。分析表明，砂样相对密度随流速增大而减小，随落距增大而增大，对应不同流速和落距的组合情况，二者相互影响。同样流速和落距条件下，圆形容器成样相对密度最大，其后依次为矩形和方形容器。试验证明该套装置能成功制备均匀性较好、相对密度在0.45~0.96的砂样。

Introduction to a new sand pourer and its control element analysis

The sample quality plays a very important role in the geotechnical model tests.Some sand pouring tests are carried out on Fujian standard sand by developing an apparatus of sand pourer aiming at making sand sample uniform and within the range of designated relative density.Through a series of comparative studies,the influences of sand flow rate,drop height and different containers on the relative density of the sample are analyzed.It is shown that the relative density of the sample increases gradually with increasing of drop height,while decreases with the increasing of the sand flow rate.These two factors will affect each other with the different combination of sand flow rate and drop height.Also,the relative density of samples made by round-type chambers are the largest,which followed by that made by rectangle one and square one.The sample achieved by the sand pourer has high uniformity and the range of relative density is within 0.45 to 0.96.