多运营主体梯级水电站参与的日前市场出清模型

中国普遍存在梯级水电上、下游电站隶属不同运营主体的现象,各电站独立参与现货市场竞价时,调节性能欠佳的下游电站可发电量由上游电站中标电量决定,面临中标电量与实发电量匹配失衡的问题,导致交易结果难以执行,不利于市场稳定和水电资源利用。为此,文中研究了多运营主体流域梯级水电站参与的日前市场出清模型,下游电站作为价格接受者,无需申报电量,其电量通过上、下游电站水力耦合关系,表示为关于上游电站申报电量的线性函数,嵌入日前出清优化模型,实现上、下游电站联合出清。重点探讨上、下游电站之间水流时滞对下游电站运行的影响,并在日前市场出清中予以考虑。最后,以包含6家发电商和8家购电商的系统为例,模拟日前市场竞价场景,结果表明:该出清模型能有效缓解下游电站独立参与电力市场面临的发电量匹配失衡问题。

Clearing Model for Day-ahead Market with Participation of Multi-operator Cascade Hydropower Stations

The phenomenon that upstream and downstream stations of cascade hydropower subordinate to different operators is widespread in China. When independently participating in spot market bidding, downstream stations with poor regulation, whose power generation is determined by upstream power stations, will face the problem of imbalance between bidding quantity and real quantity, resulting in difficulty of executing the transaction result, and which is detrimental to market stability and water resources utilization. Therefore, a day-ahead market clearing model with multi-operator cascade hydropower stations participating is proposed, in which, the downstream station is a price-taker with no need for declaring the power generation, and its bidding quantity is represented as a linear function about upstream station''s bidding quantity. According to hydraulic coupling relationship of upstream and downstream stations, the linear function is embedded into the day-ahead clearing optimal model to realize joint clearing of upstream and downstream stations. The effect of water flow delay between upstream and downstream stations to downstream stations is mainly discussed and considered in the day-ahead market clearing process. Finally, taking a system with 6 generators and 8 electricity purchasers as an example, the bidding scenario of day-ahead power market is simulated. The result indicates that the imbalance of power generation faced by downstream station participating in power market independently can be alleviated by the proposed clearing model.