原油减压渣油馏分的油-水界面性质Ⅴ.表面活性剂对减渣馏分油-水界面粘度的影响

采用剪切界面粘度仪考察了表面活性剂Tween40和Span80的油 水界面粘度及其对大庆、伊朗轻质和伊朗重质减压渣油馏分的油 水界面粘度的影响。结果表明,随着油相中Tween40、Span80和油相中芳烃质量分数的增加,油 水界面粘度均增大。并且,当油相中Tween40、Span80的临界胶束(CMC)质量分数在其质量分数变化范围内时,油 水界面粘度有大幅度的增加。Tween40铺展吸附于油 水界面,其油 水界面粘度较大。Span80竖立吸附于油 水界面,其油 水界面粘度较小。Tween40取代减渣馏分铺展吸附于油 水界面,其油 水界面粘度较低,相互间的差别也较小,随着油相中Tween40质量分数的增大,油 水界面粘度降低。Span80楔入减渣馏分油 水界面吸附层,共同构成油 水界面结构。对线性结构多的减渣馏分,随着油相中Span80质量分数的增大,油 水界面粘度逐渐增大。对芳香稠环结构多的减渣馏分,随着油相中Span80质量分数的增大,油 水界面粘度逐渐减小。

OIL-WATER INTERFACIAL PROPERTIES OF VACUUM RESIDUE FRACTIONS FROM CRUDE OIL Ⅴ.Effect of Surfactant on Oil-Water Interfacial Viscosity of Vacuum Residue Fraction

The interfacial viscosity of surfactants Tween 40(polyoxyalkylene sorbitan palmitate) and Span 80 (sorbitan monooleate)and their effects on interfacial viscosity of Daqing, Iranian Light, Iranian Heavy vacuum residue fractions were investigated by using shear interfacial viscosity meter. The results showed that the interfacial viscosity of oil-water increased while the mass fractions of Tween 40, Span 80 in oil phase or aromatic content of oil phase increased, and the interfacial viscosity of oil-water increased greatly while the critical micelle concentration(CMC) of Tween 40 and Span 80 lay within the range of their mass fraction changes. The adsorption occurred at the oil-water interface, Span 80 molecules were in an upright state, and Tween 40 molecules were in a lying down spreading state, resulting in the interfacial viscosity of Tween 40 being higher than that of Span 80. If Tween 40 takes the place of vacuum residue fraction in the oil-water interface, the interfacial viscosity would be lower and there would be little difference between each vacuum residua fraction. The lowered interfacial viscosity tendency revealed with more Tween 40 added in the vacuum residue fractions. Vacuum residue fractions with Span 80 added jointly reconstruct the oil-water interface.