珠江口盆地油气勘探历程与启示

珠江口盆地油气勘探经历40余年,综合考虑勘探策略及地质认识转变、勘探工作量、领域性突破、储量增长等因素,其勘探历程可划分为3个阶段：围绕隆起带大构造的早期探索阶段（1974—1984年）、围绕富烃凹陷中—浅层的背斜勘探阶段（1985—1999年）和围绕深水深层的油气并举复式勘探阶段（2000年至今）。勘探实践中探索出了多项创新性地质认识、理论和技术,如油气差异富集及复式聚集理论、多源成烃和复合输导的晚期成藏模式、低位体系域深水扇认识、“源-汇-聚”综合评价体系、近源供烃、联合输导成藏模式等,丰富和发展了油气勘探理论,引领了珠江口盆地油气勘探的持续突破。

Petroleum Exploration History and Enlightenment in Pearl River Mouth Basin

Oil and gas exploration in the Pearl River Mouth basin has been going on more than 40 years. Considering the changes of exploration strategy and geological understanding, exploration workload, breakthrough and reserve growth, the exploration process can be divided into three stages: (1) Early exploration stage (1974-1984) aiming at large structures in the uplift belt; (2) Anticline exploration stage (1985-1999) focusing on middle and shallow layers in the hydrocarbon-rich sags; and (3) Composite exploration stage (since 2000) paying same attention to oil and gas, deep-water regions and deep layers. A number of innovative geological understandings, theories and technologies have been formed through exploration practices, such as differential hydrocarbon enrichment and composite accumulation theory, the late-stage hydrocarbon accumulation pattern with multi-source hydrocarbon generation and complex transformation, the recognition of deep-water fan in lowstand system tract, the comprehensive evaluation system of “source-migration-accumulation” and the reservoir forming pattern of “near-source hydrocarbon supply with multiple migration networks”. These understandings have enriched the oil and gas exploration theories, and led to continuous breakthroughs of oil and gas exploration in the Pearl River Mouth basin.