水下声学超材料研究

声学超材料在空气中应用的研究已经很多,通过对其声学负参数的研究可以实现负折射、声隐身、波束控制以及超分辨成像等功能。声学超材料在空气中的良好应用也让更多的研究者们聚焦水下声学超材料(简称水声超材料)声聚焦、声透射等的研究,其在水下的研究涉及到流固耦合以及模式转换的影响,会更加复杂。水下研究的主要难题有尺度大、低频性能差、不耐静水压力等,针对此类问题,国内外研究者做了很多相关工作。水声超材料的发展历程经历了多个阶段。经典的局域共振型水声超材料的一系列优化措施是对实现水下宽带、低频吸声的探索;超晶格超表面复合结构的声二极管对实现噪声控制、声学通讯、目标探测等起到重要影响;其他比如水声隐身斗篷、水声学棱镜等应用也具有不错的前景。由此可见声学超材料在水下的研究潜力是巨大的。

Research on Underwater Acoustic Metamaterials

Acoustic metamaterials have been widely studied in the air,which can realize negative refraction,acoustic stealth,beam control and super-resolution imaging through the study of acoustic negative parameters.The good application of acoustic metamaterials in the air has led more researchers to focus on the study of underwater acoustic metamaterials.Underwater research involves the effects of fluid-solid coupling and mode conversion,which will be more complex.Underwater research is the mainly faced with problems such as large scale,poor low frequency performance and inresistance to hydrostatic pressure.To solve these problems,researchers have done a lot of advance work.This article presents a comprehensive overview of development of underwater acoustic metamaterials.A series of optimization measures of classical local resonant underwater acoustic metamaterials are to explore the realization of broadband and low frequency underwater sound absorption.Acoustic diode function of superlattice and supersurface composite structures plays an important role in noise control,acoustic communication and target detection.The emerging applications of underwater acoustic metamaterials including underwater acoustic invisibility cloak and underwater acoustic prism are also discussed.Therefore,acoustic metamaterials exhibit great potential in underwater research.