2010—2011年内蒙古地区食品中铅、镉、汞污染调查分析

了解内蒙古地区食品中铅、镉、汞(总)的污染水平,为建立内蒙古地区食品重金属安全风险监测体系,及时发现食品中重金属安全隐患,进行风险预警提供基础数据。方法 按照内蒙古自治区食品中化学污染物监测计划,结合内蒙古地区地产食品种类及分布特点,采集内蒙古地区中部、东部及西部5个地区的食品样本,按照GB 5009.12—2010《食品中铅的测定》、GB/T 5009.15—2003《食品中镉的测定》及GB/T 5009.17—2003《食品中总汞及有机汞测定》方法对样品中铅、镉、汞(总)进行检测。结果 共采集7类食品1654份样品。其中,监测铅含量的有效样品1610份,总体检出率33.40%,总体超标率1.62%,超标的食品类别主要为蔬菜、蛋与蛋制品、粮食及粮食制品以及食用菌,超标率分别为5.16%、2.21%、2.20%和2.01%；监测镉的有效样品1607份,总体检出率48.60%,总体超标率1.74%。超标的食品类别主要为食用菌、蔬菜及蛋和蛋制品,超标率分别为10.20%、5.41%和4.97%；监测汞(总)含量的有效样品1531份,总体检出率37.30%,总体超标率2.08%。超标食品主要为食用菌、乳及乳制品、粮食及粮食制品,超标率分别为20.13%、7.02%和1.20%。结论 内蒙古地区生产的食用菌(以鲜食用菌计)、蔬菜、蛋及蛋制品、粮食及粮食制品、乳及乳制品中存在重金属污染,应引起高度重视。

Investigation of food pollutant lead,cadmium and mercury in Inner Mongolia during 2010-2011

To understand the situation of food pollution of lead, cadmium and mercury in Inner Mongolia during 2010-2011, provide basic evidence for the establishment of heavy metal food safety risk surveillance system, and discover the potential problems of heavy metal contamination in food.MethodsAccording to surveillance plan, samples were collected from 5regions of the middle, east and west of Inner Mongolia separately. The lead, cadmium and mercury content in food was measured according to national standard method (GB 5009.12-2010, GB/T 5009.17-2003, GB/T 5009.15-2003). Results1654samples from 7food categories were monitored during 2010-2011. 1610samples were tested for lead, the detection rate was 33.40%, and the violation rate was 1.62%. Violation rates of vegetable, eggs, foodgrains and mushroom were 5.16%, 2.21%, 2.20% and 2.01%, respectively. 1607samples were tested for cadmium, the detection rate was 48.60%, and the violation rate was 1.74%. Violation rates of mushroom, vegetable and eggs were 10.20%, 5.41% and 4.97%, respectively. 1531samples were tested for mercury, the detection rate was 37.30%, and the violation rate was 2.08%. Violation rates of mushroom, milk and dairy products and foodgrains were 20.13%, 7.02% and 1.20%, respectively.ConclusionMushroom, vegetable, eggs and foodgrains were contaminated by heavy metal in Inner Mongolia.