Experimental studies of pipe impact on rigid restraints and concrete slabs

Experiments with a three-inch-diameter pressurized pipe whipping against a rigid restraint or a concrete slab are described. Eleven experiments have pipes with various geometries impacting a stiff structure either at an elbow or on a straight segment. Pipe motion, impact force, impact time, and pipe crush are measured. Two experiments have pipe elbows impacting a six-inch-thick and a three-inch-thick reinforced concrete slab. The thicker slab experiences little impact damage, whereas the thinner slab is perforated by the elbow. Pipe displacement, rebar strains, and forces on slab supports are measured. Experimental results are reported and compared with the results of two code calculations.