黄柏萃取物的抑菌活性及其正丁醇萃取物化学成分分析

研究了黄柏提取物抑菌效果最强萃取相的抑菌活性及化学成分,以期为新型植物源杀菌剂的开发奠定基础。采用超声波辅助醇提取法制备黄柏提取物,依次用等体积的石油醚、三氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇分别萃取,采用菌丝生长速率法测定各萃取相的抑菌活性,采用GC-MS分析抑菌效果最强萃取相的化学成分。结果表明正丁醇萃取相的抑制作用最强,抑菌率为84.46%,最小抑菌浓度(minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC)为20 mg/mL、半抑制浓度(half maximal inhibitory concentration,EC50)值为6.480mg/m L。GC-MS分析结果显示,从正丁醇萃取相中分离鉴别出26种化合物,以生物碱、有机酸、苷类、酰胺类等为主,其中相对含量最高的成分是5-(2-噻吩基)-4-嘧啶胺,占52.85%。黄柏枝皮提取物抗真菌活性成分主要存在于正丁醇部位,以生物碱类化合物为主,推测生物碱类化合物是黄柏枝皮抑制植物真菌病害的主要抑菌活性成分,为今后研究黄柏在植物源杀菌剂方面的开发与应用提供了基础和参考依据。

Antifungal Activities of Extracts and Chemical Constituents Analysis of N-butanol Extract from Phellodendron chinense

The antifungal activity and chemical components of the extracts of Phellodendron chinense with the strongest antifungal effect were investigated to provide the foundation for the development of new botanical fungicides. The extract of Phellodendron chinense was prepared by ultrasonic-assisted ethanol extraction, and then extracted with equal volumes of petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol, respectively. The antifungal activity of each extract was determined by means of the mycelium growth rate method. The chemical components of the extract with the strongest antifungal effect were analyzed by GC-MS. The results indicated that n-butanol extract had the strongest inhibitory effect, with an antifungal rate of 84.46%, a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 20 mg/mL, and a half maximal inhibitory concentration (EC50) value of 6.480 mg/mL, respectively. GC-MS analysis results showed that 26 compounds were separated and identified from n-butanol extract, mainly alkaloids, organic acids, glycosides and amides. The component with the highest relative content was 5-(2-Thienyl)-4-pyrimidinamine, accounting for 52.85%. The antifungal active ingredients of extracts of Phellodendron chinense branches and barks were mainly present in the n-butanol part, and were dominated by the alkaloids compound. It was supposed that the alkaloids compound was the main antifungal active ingredient of Phellodendron chinense branches and barks in inhibition of fungal diseases of plants, providing the foundation and reference basis for development and application of botanical fungicides.