装载机工作装置钢结构强度计算方法研究

多年来，对装载机工作装置钢结构载荷和强度的计算一直采用典型工况方法，研究结果表明，这种方法不能真正和全面反映结构在多种复杂工况下的最大应力状况。文中提出作业仿真的方法，在对不同作业方式和载荷形式进行仿真过程中，对工作装置钢结构多个指定部位采用常规力学方法进行应力普查分析，然后将分析结果作为评判依据，从中选出对钢结构强度影响最大的工况和载荷，作为下一步有限元分析的工况和载荷。结果表明，使用作业仿真进行普查分析的方法比传统的典型工况方法更具全面性。

STRENGTH ANALYSIS AND LOAD DETERMINATION FOR OPERATING UNIT OF LOADER

The calculating method of load and strength for the operating unit structure of loader was based on a typical operating position (or a determined position) in many years. But the research in this paper show that this method could not really and comprehensively represent maximum structural stresses on various operating positions and complicated conditions. A new method based on computer simulation is used in this paper. With the simulation for various operating positions and types of loads, a general stress investigating to the operating unit structure is made by using material mechanics. Then the maximum stresses are used as judging basis to select the corresponding operating positions and loads witch are used for Finite Element Analysis in next step. The researches show that the method based on the simulation of operations is more comprehensive than that on typical operating position.