超分子化学堵漏技术研究与应用

采用目前国际上近年发展起来的超分子化学理论，研发了一种超分子堵漏新材料，其能够适应不同深度地层，在不同温度下形成不同强度和弹性的凝胶，具有广泛适应性。经过实验研究，分别研发出针对不同漏失情况的堵漏技术，解决了以前堵漏剂在漏层中停不住、易被水混合冲稀、难以滞留堆集在漏层入口附近、难以堵死漏失通道等技术难题。使用该超分子堵漏剂配制的堵漏浆在可控时间内在漏失层形成具有一定强度的凝胶颗粒（粒径为100～2 000 μm），凝胶颗粒有弹性、易变形，可以进入地层孔隙或裂缝，封堵孔隙尺寸为0.15～1.5 mm的孔隙，承压达到7.5 MPa以上。采用该超分子堵漏材料，在准东区块克205井等3口井进行了应用。现场应用表明，该超分子堵漏材料结合常规堵漏材料，能够很好地解决钻进过程中存在的各类漏失，堵漏成功率高，对不同的漏失情况能够起到较好的堵漏效果，在后期作业过程中没有发生重复漏失的现象，有利于降低综合钻井成本。 

Study and Application of Supramolecule Chemical LCM Technology

A supramolecular chemical lost circulation material (LCM) has been prepared based on the supramolecular chemistry theory recently developed. This LCM can be used to control mud losses at different depths. It forms gels of different strengths and elasticity at different temperatures. Lost circulation control techniques have been developed for different rates of mud losses through laboratory experiments. Various problems have been encountered in mud loss control practices, for example, the LCM is unable to stay in mud loss zones, the LCM is easy to mix with water and is therefore diluted, it is difficult for the LCM to be retained and accumulate at the entrance of mud loss channels, and the mud loss channel is difficult to be blocked off, etc. LCM slurries formulated with the supramolecular chemical LCM form gel particles (particle sizes between 100 μm and 2,000 μm) of certain strengths in controllable time span. These elastic deformable gel particles are able to go into and plug formation fractures of 0.15 mm-1.5 mm in size. Fractured formations plugged with the supramolecular chemical LCM have pressure bearing capacity of at least 7.5 MPa. This LCM has been used on three wells (such as the well Ke-205) in Block Zhundong. Field practice showed that a combination of the supramolecular chemical LCM and conventional LCM can be used to control mud losses of different rates during drilling operations. No mud losses have been encountered again in mud loss zones plugged with the supramolecular chemical LCM slurry, indicating that the mud loss control performed was successful. The use of this supramolecular chemical LCM is helpful in reducing the overall drilling cost.