过氧化氢的氧化特性及其在不同介质中的分解行为研究

过氧化氢(H2O2)作为一种氧化剂曾广泛应用于湿法冶金工艺。本文针对过氧化氢在地下水、自来水、5g/LH2SO4和2g/LNH4HCO3四种不同介质中的分解情况进行了试验研究。研究结果表明:过氧化氢在碱性介质中很不稳定,而且质量浓度越高,分解速度越快;在酸性介质中比较稳定,分解速度慢,适合于酸性介质中作氧化剂,在碱性环境尽量少用或不用。此研究为更好地了解过氧化氢的化学特性及其在湿法冶金工艺中的应用,提供参考与借鉴。

STUDY ON DECOMPOSITION CHARACTERISTIC OF H2O2 IN DIFFERENT MEDIUMS

H_2O_2 has once been widely used in hydrometallurgy field,but at present it tends to be replaced by other oxidants owing to its instability and decomposition.In this paper,the stability and decomposition of H_2O_2,in underground water,tap water,5g/L H_2SO_4 or 2g/L NH_4HCO_3,were studied.The results show that,in basic medium,H_2O_2 is very unstable and the decomposition rate is speeded with the increase in its concentration;in acid medium, it's stable with a relatively slow decomposition rate.The results suggest that H_2O_2 is suitable to be used as oxidants in acid medium. This paper is very useful in terms of understanding the chemical characteristic of H_2O_2 and obtaining knowledge of its proper use in hydro-metallurgical process.