PAM 对扰动红壤水动力学过程的影响研究

为比较施加 PAM 后坡面水动力学过程的差异，采用人工模拟降雨试验，分析了不同雨强、不同坡度、不同土壤处理后的径流剪切力、水流功率和水流动能与坡面输沙率之间的关系。结果表明 : 土壤分离速率与径流剪切力、水流功率和水流动能 3 个水力参数之间均具有良好的线性正相关关系；施加 PAM 后红壤扰动土临界剪切力由 0.77Pa 增加到1.47 Pa ，临界水流功率由 0.182 4N/(m·s) 增加到 0.367 6N/(m·s) ，临界水流动能由 0.301 8 J 增加到 1.115 5 J ；水流功率是其中描述土壤分离速率的最好参数，其复相关系数明显好于径流剪切力、水流动能与土壤分离速率的关系。

Effects of PAM on Processes of Hydrodynamics for Disturbed Red Soil

 In order to compare the difference of the slope hydraulics processes for disturbed red soil when treated with PAM, stimulated rainfall experiments under different slopes, rainfall intensities and soil treatments were designed to investigate the relationship between runoff shear stress, flow power and flow kinetic energy with slope sediment transport rate respectively. The results show soil separate rate with runoff shear stresses, stream power and flow kinetic energy all have better linear positive relationship. When treated with PAM, the disturbed red soil critical shear stresses increase from 0.77 Pa to 1.47 Pa, critical stream power increases from 0.182 4 N/(m · s) to 0.367 6 N/(m · s), and critical flow kinetic energy increases from 0.301 8 J to 1.115 5 J. Among three parameters the stream power is the best parameter used to represent soil separate rate, and its multiple correlation coefficient is obviously better than that of runoff shear stresses and flow kinetic energy with soil detachment rate.