ZJ15D型石油钻机井架的瞬态响应研究

传统的通过静力或者利用最大设计大钩载荷乘以动载系数代替动载荷的研究方法对石油钻机井架进行结构分析，已经不符合现场石油钻机井架在复杂时间载荷作用下的真实动响应情况，尤其在起下钻和钻进时，钻机井架要承受瞬态冲击、钻机振动等随时间变化的载荷作用。为此，运用时间历程方法，通过模拟井架钻井时的情况，结合大型有限元ANSYS软件，对大庆油田普遍采用的ZJ15D型石油钻机井架进行了动响应计算。得出了以下结论：①在瞬时冲击下，井架动力响应的产生在钻具立柱轴向、井架侧向和前开口方向具有同时性，但最大值出现的时刻不同；②严重冲击载荷作用下，井架顶部开口方向响应最为强烈，危险时位移可达4 cm。

TRANSIENT RESPONSE OF ZJ15D OIL RIG'S DERRICK

The traditional study methods of using static load or the maximum design load multiplied by dynamic load coefficient instead of dynamic load are applied to analyze the structure of oil derrick, but the corresponding results can't represent the actual dynamic responses under complex time load. Especially, the oil derrick will be subject to transient impact and rig's vibration which are varied with time during drilling and trips. In this paper, the dynamic response of ZJ15D rig's derrick presently used in Daqing oilfield is calculated by finite element software ANSYS and simulation of the typical work conditions simultaneously. The conclusions are drawn as follows: ① under transient impact the dynamic response will be produced simultaneously along the axis of the drill string, at the flanks and the foreside opening area of derrick, but the maximum for each location is occurring at different time; ② under serious impact, the response at derrick's top opening area is the most prominent, even resulting in an offset of 4 centimeters in extreme scenarios.