吸附剂综合性能测试与分析

为克服定容法测试吸附剂性能误差偏高及应用范围局限性,引入恒温水浴系统降低气温波动导致的测试误差,设计新的反应釜,保证吸附剂反应的均匀性,提高铠装热电偶的灵敏度。结合质量守恒和真实气体方程,获得各部件体积比,利用标准钢球实现系统各部件体积的高精度快速标定。结果表明:相对误差小于0.5%。根据误差传递原理,测试系统的总误差小于2%,满足吸附剂综合性能测试与分析。基于卤化盐吸附剂特性分析,设计新的平衡态、动力学及衰减性测试方法,通过对氯化钙及其复合吸附剂测试,获得吸附剂的平衡态连续曲线及伪平衡区,实现了变温变压过程动力学及温度曲线测试及定性定量分析,完成多次循环后吸附动力学曲线和最大吸附量测定及吸附剂抗衰减能力分析,扩展定容法的应用范围,证实测试系统及测试方法的可行性,为吸附剂快速研发提供简单高效的测试理论和分析方法。

Comprehensive performance test and analysis of adsorbent

In order to overcome the limitations and measurement errors of adsorption performance by volumetric method, thermostatic water-bath was inducted to reduce measurement errors caused by temperatures fluctuation of gas tank and gas condensation. Uniform reaction and highly sensitive sheathed thermocouple was realized by a novel reactor. Volume of each part was accurately calibrated by precise bearing steel-balls, and relative error of volume was not more than 0.5%. Based on error impress principle,relative error of the measuring system was lower than 2%, and comprehensive performance test and analysis of adsorbent was satisfied.According to principle of volumetric method and adsorption characteristics of alkali halide salts, the new test processes of equilibrium state, kinetic and decay were designed, and were used to test ad-/desorption performance of CaCl₂ and its composite adsorbents. The equilibrium curves and pseudo equilibrium area were obtained. Tests of ad-/desorption kinetics and temperature curves during temperature and pressure changes, and methods of quantitative and qualitative analyses were achieved. Adsorption kinetics curves and maximal adsorption capacity after variant ad-/desorption cycles were given. Application range of volumetric method was extended. Feasibility of measuring system and test processes was confirmed, which could provide highly efficient testing theory and analyze methods in the research process of adsorbent.