不同大豆种质种皮黄酮类色素的差异分析

为探究大豆种皮中黄酮类色素的含量和分布规律，选取167份大豆种质资源为实验材料，利用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法对大豆种皮黄酮类色素含量进行测定。结果表明：大豆种皮花色苷组分中矢车菊素-3-O-葡萄糖苷含量最多，异黄酮组分中大豆苷含量最高。花色苷组分在野生和半野生大豆种皮中高于栽培大豆。异黄酮组分中染料木苷在野生大豆中最高，黄豆黄苷在半野生大豆中最高，其他组分在栽培大豆中最高。栽培大豆黑色种皮花色苷组分、染料木苷和大豆苷元含量最高，青色种皮大豆苷和黄豆黄苷含量最高，双色种皮黄豆黄素含量最高。相关分析表明3类结合型糖苷内部、3类游离型苷元内部、3种花色苷组分内部两两相关极显著。大豆苷与游离型苷元、矢车菊素-3-O-葡萄糖苷相关显著。聚类分析将大豆材料划分为三大类群，第一类群除黄豆黄苷和飞燕草素-3-O-葡萄糖苷外，其他色素组分含量均最高，为黄酮类色素的研究和利用提供参考。

Analysis on the difference of flavonoid pigment in seed coat of different soybean germplasm

In order to explore the flavonoid pigment contents and its distribution in soybean seed coat, 167 soybean germplasms were used for determination of flavonoid pigment contents in soybean seed coat using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that: In all anthocyanins components cyanidin-3-O-glucoside content in the soybean seed coat was highest, and in all isoflavone components daidzin content was in the highest. Anthocyanins content in wild soybeans and semi-wild soybeans were higher than that of cultivated soybeans. Genistin content in wild soybeans was the highest, glycitin content in semi-wild soybeans was the highest, and other isoflavones content in cultivated soybean were the highest. Black soybean had the highest anthocyanins components and content of genistin and daidzein. Cyan soybean had the highest content of daidzin and glycitin, double soybean had the highest content of glycitein. Correlation analysis showed that three binding glycosides had closely relationship, three free aglycones had closely relationship, and three anthocyanins component had closely relationship. Daidzin had significant relationship with free aglycones and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside. Cluster analysis could be divided into 3 groups, the first group had the highest flavonoid pigment in seed coat except glycitin and delphinidin 3-O-glucoside. It laid the material foundation and theoretical basis for research and utilization of flavonoids pigment.