????????????????????????????δ??

在油气勘探开发中，钻井是必不可少的基本环节。钻井技术从上世纪至今已经历了经验钻井、科学化钻井、自动化智能钻井3个阶段。21世纪钻井技术发展的主导趋势是向钻井自动化及智能控制系统方向发展。文章综述了钻井技术的发展，阐述了它对于促进油气勘探开发的作用：钻井技术的发展极大地提高了油气勘探开发的效益，改善了油气田勘探开发的效果。同时，随着石油工业的发展，由于油气勘探开发领域的进一步扩大及可持续发展战略等的要求，对钻井技术提出了越来越高的要求，促使钻井技术有新的较大的发展，以满足油气勘探开发的需要。并展望了现代钻井技术的发展与油气勘探开发的未来，指出钻井技术必将进一步在剩余油挖潜、提高采收率、开发边际油气田、改善油气田开发效果、进一步提高油气田勘探开发经济效益等方面发挥更大的作用，为油气工业作出更大贡献。

DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN DRILLING TECHNOLOGY AND FUTURE OF PETROLEUM EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION 1)

The drilling technology has already gone through the 3 stages of the experienced drilling, the scientific drilling and the automation intellectua-l drilling from the last century to now. The leading trend of drilling technology development is to develop the automatic and intelligent controlling system of drilling in the 21st century. The article describes the development of drilling technology and explains its effect for promoting petroleum exploration and production, i.e. the development of drilling technology increases the benefits of petroleum exploration and production much greatly and improves the results of petroleum exploration and production. Meanwhile, with the petroleum industry development, the requirements of expanding the fields of petroleum exploration and production further more and conducting the sustainable development strategy promote the new more development of drilling technology to meet the needs of petroleum exploration and production. Prospecting the development of modern drilling technology and the future of petroleum exploration and production, it is pointed out the drilling technology will play more role in exploring the potential of residual oil further more, increasing the recovery factor, developing the marginal oil fields, bettering the results of petroleum exploitation, and further more improving the economic benefits of petroleum exploration and production to make more contribution for the petroleum industry.