基于W态的量子密钥分配和秘密共享

介绍了W态的特点，证明量子密钥分配和秘密共享方案所基于的W态只能为系数全部相同的对称形式，提出了一种基于W态的量子密钥分发方案。接收方随机非对称地使用消息模式和控制模式来保证该量子密钥分发协议的安全。继而分析该协议的安全性。提出了一种基于W态的量子秘密共享方案，分析了该协议的安全性。与以往采用GHZ最大纠缠态的量子密钥分配和秘密共享方案相比，基于W态的方案效率不高，本文的目的是为了证明可以采用不同于GHZ态之外的其它态用于量子密钥分配和秘密共享。

Quantum Key Distribution and Secret Sharing via W states

The characteristics of W state are introduced.The coefficients of W state used for quantum key distribution and secret sharing are proved to be uniform in symmetrical form.The corresponding quantum key distribution scheme via W state is proposed.To insure the security of the proposed quantum key distribution protocol, the receiver switches randomly the message mode to control mode asymmetrically.The security of the protocol is discussed.Quantum secret sharing scheme is accordingly proposed.And the security of the schemes is also discussed.Compared with the quantum key distribution and secret sharing schemes with Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger(GHZ) states,the efficiency of the proposed schemes is low. The purpose of this paper is just to prove that some states except for GHZ states can be used for quantum key distribution and secret sharing.