蜜环菌液体培养基配方优选及其活性成分和抗氧化活性研究

目的 从4种蜜环菌液体培养基配方中筛选出最佳液体培养基配方,并测量其菌丝提取物和发酵液提取物的活性成分含量及抗氧化活性。方法 采用目前4种较常用的液体培养基配方在相同温度、转速、时间条件下对蜜环菌进行液体发酵,制备菌丝提取物和发酵液提取物,通过紫外分光光度法测量其主要活性成分含量和抗氧化活性。结果 4种配方菌丝生物量、生物活性物质含量及抗氧化能力差异显著。其中配方1菌丝生物量最高,为1.21 g/L,显著高于其余3种配方(P<0.01, P<0.001)。4种配方菌丝提取物总黄酮、总三萜、总酚含量差异显著,均为配方2最高且显著高于子实体(P<0.001,P<0.01);发酵液提取物主要活性物质含量,配方4总黄酮和总酚含量最高,配方2总三萜含量最高,均显著高于子实体(P<0.01, P<0.001)。抗氧化能力方面,配方1菌丝提取物·OH清除率及总还原力最高;配方4发酵液提取物总还原能力表现最佳,且抗氧化能力表现更为稳定。结论 针对不同目标产物筛选出了具体的最佳蜜环菌液体培养基配方,对后续蜜环菌的研究提供参考借鉴意义,也为今后蜜环菌的开发利用奠定基础。

Study on the optimal liquid medium formulation of Armillaria mellea and its active ingredients and antioxidant capacity

Objective To select the optimal liquid medium formulation from 4 kinds of liquid medium formulations of Armillaria mellea, and measure the content of active components and antioxidant activity of mycelium extract and fermentation broth extract. Methods Four kinds of commonly utilized liquid culture medium formulations for Armillaria mellea were employed under identical temperature, speed, and time conditions to prepare mycelium extracts and fermentation broth extracts. The quantification of the main active ingredient content and antioxidant activity was conducted using ultraviolet spectrophotometry. Results There were notable variations observed in the mycelium biomass, bioactive substance content, and antioxidant capacity among the 4 kinds of formulations. Specifically, formula 1 exhibited the highest mycelial biomass at 1.21 g/L, which was significantly greater than the biomass of the remaining three formulas (P<0.01). Moreover, significant disparities were observed in the total flavonoids, total triterpenes, and total phenols content among the 4 kinds of formulations of mycelium extracts. Formula 2 displayed the highest content, which was significantly higher than that of the fruiting body (P<0.001). The in the fermentation broth extract of formula 4 exhibit is the highest content ration of the main active substance, particularly total flavonoids and total phenols. Formula 2, on the other hand, demonstrates the highest concentration of total triterpenes, surpassing that of the fruiting body significantly (P<0.01). Regarding antioxidant activity, the mycelium extract of Formula 1 displays the highest ·OH free radical scavenging rate and total reducing capacity. Notably, the extract derived from the fermentation broth of formula 4 exhibits superior total reducing capacity and demonstrates a more stable antioxidant capacity. Conclusion According to different target products, the best liquid culture medium formula of Armillaria mellea is screened out, which provides reference for the subsequent research of Armillaria mellea and laid the foundation for the development and utilization of Armillaria mellea in the future.