| 卡克水流现象的临界判别条件 |
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| 引用本文： | 吴保生,张新民,马吉明. 卡克水流现象的临界判别条件[J]. 水利学报, 2002, 33(8): 0012-0021 |
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| 作者姓名： | 吴保生 张新民 马吉明 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 清华大学,水利水电工程系,北京,100084
2. 福建水利水电工程局,福建,泉州,362000 |
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| 基金项目： | 清华大学水利系基础研究基金 |
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| 摘 要： | 对明渠流中局部断面侧收缩引起的卡克水流现象进行了系统分析. 根据能量守恒和水流连续方程, 建立了缓坡及陡坡条件下卡克水流的临界判别条件. 所提出 的判别公式, 克服了Yarnell理论公式忽略能量损失的不足, 能够准确地确定侧收缩引起的卡克水流发生的临界收缩程度, 可应用于局部束水建筑物的设计和运作管理.
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| 关 键 词： | 卡克水流 临界条件 局部收缩 侧收缩 明渠流 水力学 |
| 文章编号： | 0559-9350(2002)08-0012-09 |
| 修稿时间： | 2002-01-07 |
Discriminant for threshold of choking flow |
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| WU Bao-sheng,ZHANG Xin-min,MA Ji-ming. Discriminant for threshold of choking flow[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2002, 33(8): 0012-0021 |
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| Authors: | WU Bao-sheng ZHANG Xin-min MA Ji-ming |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Tsinghua University; 2Fujian Provincial Bureau of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering |
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| Abstract: | The choking flow phenomenon caused by local lateral contraction is studied theoretically. The equations for determining the limit opening ratio, one for flow with mild slope and one for steep slope, are deduced based on the principle of energy conservation and continuity. It is pointed out that the traditional formula suggested by Yarnell dramatically deviates from measurement due to the neglect of energy losses. The equation proposed in this paper takes the energy losses of local contraction into account so that it can accurately predict the threshold opening ratios of choking. |
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| Keywords: | choking flow threshold discriminant local contraction lateral contraction open channel |
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