国内外页岩气水平井分段压裂工具发展现状与趋势

页岩气作为典型的非常规油气藏资源，具有低孔隙度、极低基质渗透率等特征，实施水平井分段压裂改造已成为实现页岩气藏高效开发的关键技术。国外北美地区页岩气开发已实现商业化，并形成了一系列以实现“体积改造”为目的的页岩气压裂技术及配套工具。国内页岩气开发工艺和自主工具研制均取得了很大的进步。通过调研桥塞/球座+分簇射孔联作、套管固井滑套等页岩气水平井分段压裂技术，介绍了复合桥塞、可溶性桥塞、OptiPort、FracPoint等不同工具的工作原理及结构组成，简述了不同工具的国内外应用现状，对比分析了不同工具的性能特点，指出可钻式复合桥塞系列化研究、可溶性工具的技术攻关及无线智能滑套工具的先导性研究为今后研究的重点攻关方向。

Development status and trend of shale-gas horizontal well staged fracturing tools at home and abroad

Shale gas, as the typical unconventional oil and gas resource, is characterized by low porosity and extra low matrix permeability. So far, horizontal well staged fracturing has become the key technology for the effcient development of shale gas reservoirs.In the North America, the shale gas development is now commercialized, and a series of shale gas fracturing technologies and their support tools aimed at volumetric stimulation are developed. In China, great progress has been made in shale gas development process and independently developed tools. In this paper, shale-gas horizontal well staged fracturing technologies were investigated, e.g. combined bridge plug/ball seat +cluster perforation and casing cementing sleeve. Then, the working principles and structural components of different tools (e.g. composite bridge plug, fully dissolvable bridge plug, OptiPort and FracPoint) were introduced briefy. Finally, their application status at home and abroad was illustrated briefy and their performance characteristics were comparatively analyzed. It is indicated that the future researches shall focus on the research of drillable composite bridge plug series, the technical research of fully dissolvable tools and the pilot research of wireless smart sliding sleeve.