投球式井下智能分控开关系统的研制及功能试验

为了降低分层采油中的生产维护成本，结合无线射频和单片机技术，研制了一种投球式井下智能分控开关控制系统，并在室内对其进行了功能试验。在分析各类井下开关系统优缺点的基础上，明确了研制思路:在地面通过投入信号小球的方式来实时灵活地控制井下目标油层开关阀的开启/关闭，实现对目标油层的有效控制。确定了总体设计方案:在油管内先后投入2个信号小球，先投入的信号小球用于井下控制系统的唤醒，后投入的信号小球携带开启/关闭目标油层开关阀的指令，用于控制目标层位开关。室内模拟试验表明，投入唤醒信号小球后井下控制器由待机模式变为工作模式，投入油层控制信号小球后，各目标油层开关阀能按预定指令正确开/关，各层通信、开关控制均满足设计要求。研究认为，研制的井下智能分控开关系统能够实现对目标油层的有效控制和降低油层间的干扰，从而实现分层采油、提高采收率。 

Development and Function Test of an Intelligent Split-Control Switch for Separate-Layer Oil Production

Separate-layer oil production is an effective way to reduce oilfield interlayer interference and to enhance the oil recovery. In consideration toof field demands,RFID radio frequency and single-chip microcomputer technologies were used jointly to develop an intelligent split-control switch controlling system for separate-layer oil production. Lab tests were conducted to assess performances of the designed system. By analyzing advantages and disadvantages of downhole switches of various types,the following principles were identified for the development of the system:open/close of switch valve in downhole target formation could be controlled flexibly in real time by ball-throwing from the ground surface to realize effective control over target formation. Overall design could be summarized as flowing:deploy two balls in the tubing,one to trigger the downhole control system and the other one with signals for open/close of switch valves in target formations to control the switch. Lab tests showed the first ball could effectively trigger the downhole controller from low energy consumption mode into operation mode. Upon deployment of the ball with control signals,all switches in target formations could be opened/closed as required. Generally speaking,controls for communication and switches in various target formations could meet design requirements. Research results showed the newly developed intelligent split-control switch system could effectively control target formations,minimize inter-layer interferences to realize separate-layer oil production and to enhance oil recovery.