降低甘蔗生产成本,提高我国甘蔗产业竞争力

本文通过与先进甘蔗生产国对比,详细分析了造成我国甘蔗生产成本居高不下的原因,并提出了相应的解决办法。包括:整合土地资源,培育、壮大专业户、专业村、专业镇,规模化种植;选育推广高产、高糖、多抗、宿根性强的新品种,扩大其面积;逐步推行全程机械化耕作,尤其是要解决甘蔗机收问题;科学施肥,提高肥效,减少肥料投入;生控为主,化控为辅,多种措施配合,综合防控蔗田有害生物;加强农田基本建设,增加灌溉面积;应用化学催熟增糖,提高榨季早期甘蔗蔗糖分。以此降低甘蔗生产成本,增强我国甘蔗产业竞争力。

Reducing Sugarcane Production Cost and Enhancing Sugarcane Production Competitiveness in China

Causes for high sugarcane production cost in China were in detail discussed in this paper,comparing with the advanced sugarcane production countries in the world.Counterpart measures were also proposed,which included the followings： fostering the specialized households,villages and towns,planting sugarcane on scale;increasing new home bred varieties with high cane and high sugar yields,multi-resistances and strong ratooning;implementing farm machinery step by step,particularly in mechanical harvesting;scientifically applying fertilizers,enhancing fertilizing efficiency,and reducing fertilizer input;integrated controlling pest insects,diseases and weeds,depending mainly on bio-technology;strengthening farmland capital construction and increasing irrigation areas;applying chemical ripening technique,mainly enhancing sucrose content in cane during early grinding season.Therefore a relative low cane production cost and high sugarcane production competitiveness in China will finally be realized.